Histological changes in banana explants, cv. Nanicão (Musa spp., Group AAA), submitted to different auxins for induction of somatic embryogenesis

نویسندگان

  • SILVIA BALBÃO FILIPPI
  • BEATRIZ APPEZZATO-DA-GLÓRIA
  • ADRIANA PINHEIRO
  • MARTINELLI RODRIGUEZ
چکیده

– (Histological changes in banana explants, cv. Nanicão (Musa spp. Group AAA), submitted to different auxins for induction of somatic embryogenesis). The present work analyzes the behavior of banana explants, cv. Nanicão (Musa spp. Group AAA) regarding somatic embryogenesis induction treatments with several auxins. Longitudinal segments of shoot meristematic apices of micropropagated banana plantlets cultivated and rooted in vitro were introduced in culture medium containing dicamba, picloram, 2,4-D or NAA in different concentrations. Explant samples were collected at 0, 7 and 10 days and prepared for light microscopy. Histological sections were used for comparison of the histological changes occurring after induction treatment with different auxins. Embryogenic response was observed only in treatments with picloram or dicamba, with distinct embryogenic regions observed at 14 and 21 days in culture, respectively. Histological sections of embryogenic regions of the explant at 26 days in culture revealed the formation of meristematic regions, structures with multiple root meristems, and somatic embryos at early globular stages. Embryo-like structures morphologically similar to Musa balbisiana zygotic embryos were sectioned and showed a lack of apical meristems and absence of procambial differentiation. These results indicate the induction of non-functional somatic embryos and the need for more studies on developmental aspects and maturation treatments for optimization of the process. RESUMO – (Alterações histológicas em explantes de bananeira, cv. Nanicão (Musa spp. Grupo AAA) submetidos a diferentes auxinas para indução de embriogênese somática). O presente trabalho analisa o comportamento de explantes de bananeira ‘Nanicão’ (Musa spp. Grupo AAA) a tratamentos de indução com diferentes auxinas, visando à obtenção de embriogênese somática. Segmentos longitudinais de ápices meristemáticos caulinares de plântulas de bananeira micropropagadas e enraizadas in vitro foram introduzidos em meio de cultura contendo dicamba, picloram, 2,4-D ou NAA. Amostras dos explantes aos 0, 7 e 10 dias foram coletadas e preparadas para microscopia óptica. Cortes histológicos foram realizados nesses explantes, comparando-se as alterações observadas após os tratamentos com diferentes auxinas. Respostas embriogênicas foram observadas somente nos tratamentos com picloram e dicamba, sendo possível a observação visual de regiões embriogênicas aos 14 e 21 dias de cultivo, respectivamente. Cortes histológicos de regiões embriogênicas dos explantes, aos 26 dias, revelaram a formação de regiões meristemáticas compostas aparentemente por múltiplos meristemas radiculares e embriões nas fases iniciais do estágio globular. Cortes histológicos de estruturas morfologicamente semelhantes a embriões zigóticos de Musa balbisiana revelaram ausência dos meristemas apicais e não diferenciação procambial. Os resultados indicam a indução de embriões somáticos não-funcionais e, consequentemente, a necessidade de maiores estudos visando otimizar o processo de desenvolvimento e maturação dos embriões somáticos.

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تاریخ انتشار 2002